Works Cited:

Prohibition 1850s: Prohibition chart:

Behr, Edward. Prohibition: Thirteen Years that Changed America. New York: Arcade Publishing, 1996. Print.

Prohibition Timeline:

Bouchard, Kelly. “PBS Looking at Maine Role in Prohibition” Morning Sentinel. October 2, 2011. Web. 18 December 2012.

Lucas, Eileen. The Eighteenth Amendment and the Twenty-First Amendments: Alcohol–Prohibition and Repeal. Enslow Publishers, Inc, 1998. Print

“No prohibition in Georgia: Senate So decides by a Vote of Twenty-three to Eighteen” The New York Times. Proquest. November 6, 1897. Web. 18 December 2012.

“Prohibition Gains 4 States this Year” The New York Times. Proquest. June 22, 1915. Web. 18 December 2012.

Special Correspondence. “Dry 50 Years and Proud of It, Kansas Plans Prohibition celebration” Proquest. May 3, 1931. Web. 18 December 2012.

Prohibition Map:

Behr, Edward. Prohibition: Thirteen Years that Changed America. New York: Arcade Publishing, 1996. Print.

Lucas, Eileen. The Eighteenth Amendment and the Twenty-First Amendments: Alcohol–Prohibition and Repeal. Enslow Publishers, Inc, 1998. Print.

Worditouts:

Charters of Freedom. “Constitution of the United States Amendment 11-27” Web. http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution_amendments_11-27.html

“18th amendment” Word It Out. Web. 8 December 2012.

“21st amendment” Word It Out. Web. 8 December 2012.

Presentation:

Charters of Freedom. “Constitution of the United States Amendment 11-27” http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/constitution_amendments_11-27.html

Behr, Edward. Prohibition: Thirteen Years that Changed America. New York: Arcade Publishing, 1996. Print.

Bouchard, Kelly. “PBS Looking at Maine Role in Prohibition” Morning Sentinel. October 2, 2011. Web. 18 December 2012.

Lucas, Eileen. The Eighteenth Amendment and the Twenty-First Amendments: Alcohol–Prohibition and Repeal. Enslow Publishers, Inc, 1998. Print

“No prohibition in Georgia: Senate So decides by a Vote of Twenty-three to Eighteen” The New York Times. Proquest. November 6, 1897. Web. 18 December 2012.

“Prohibition Gains 4 States this Year” The New York Times. Proquest. June 22, 1915. Web. 18 December 2012.

Special Correspondence. “Dry 50 Years and Proud of It, Kansas Plans Prohibition celebration” Proquest. May 3, 1931. Web. 18 December 2012.

“18th amendment” Word It Out. Web. 8 December 2012.

“21st amendment” Word It Out. Web. 8 December 2012.

Link to Prohibition timline:

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/ccc?key=0AqqdS-xfSINodGFoOUZ3WUlOTjlRS1c3VDk0QTR4N3c

Link to Prohibition chart:

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/ccc?key=0AqqdS-xfSINodG1hNk4yQWprT0hFczllX0dmZE5YT3c

Link to the worditouts:

1) http://worditout.com/word-cloud/143530

2) http://worditout.com/word-cloud/143535

Link to maps:

https://maps.google.com/maps/ms?msid=212503637474624197684.0004d11a84a3111ba11c7&msa=0

Link to presentation:

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1aoUJ0Dzo447cJ2VFaDyBPerE_9lDxr8ovxEwSK7hnU8/edit

Melissa Schroeder

Professor French

Prohibition Paper

18/12/12

The Rise of Prohibition:

            The 18^th amendment to the United States prohibited “the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors” (The Charters of Freedom) for thirteen years. Some of the temperance movements that led up to the amendment were the Washingtonian Movement, the Women’s Crusade, and the Anti-Saloon League and how they lead to the 18^th amendment being passed and what occurred before it was repealed.

The “nation’s first large-scale expression of antialcohol sentiment” (Okrent 9) formed as the Washingtonian Movement in 1840 as the result of six frequent drinkers who pledged to total abstinence. These six only asked of others to sign a similar pledge (9). This methodology led to the Washingtonian evangelists who lured hundreds of men out of their drunkenness (10). By the later 1840s—Prohibition, “the legislated imposition of teetotalism on the unwilling” (Okrent 11) had become a rallying cry. It was among the many Americans who turned towards Prohibition, came Neal Dow who convinced Maine’s legislature to carry out America’s “first statewide prohibitory law” (Okrent 11) in 1851.This would lead to similar laws in other states such as Oregon, Michigan, and Nebraska Territory (Behr 30). The Temperance movement that had spread in the earlier part of the19th century subsided after the 1850s (Pegram 43).

By the 1870’s a new temperance movement called the Women’s Crusade (Behr 36). These started with Elizabeth Thompson, who after listening to Dr. Lewis and meeting with other women, marched on Hillsboro’s well known liquor store: Dr. William Smith’s Drug Store (36). After picketing and praying. The owner William Smith agreed to stop selling liquor and to dump his “liquor reserves” (Behr 36). Days later, Elizabeth Thompson’s next target was a saloon, which was had more fervent praying but was also successful (36; 37). Other attempts were launched in the Midwest and as far west as California (by other groups) (37). However, the movement lost energy and “breweries and saloons reopened” (Behr 38.)

In the late 1890’s the Anti-Saloon of America was founded, establishing the modern outlook of “traditional middle-class moral concern in America “(Pegram 107). They centered their intentions to “root out the institutional structure that supported the culture of drinking” (Pegram 107).  The organization grew out of Ohio to become a major temperance powerhouse (112). The league centered on building durable state organizations by raising the public’s mind and making certain of state and local laws to dispel saloons (117-118). Eventually, the league managed to long-term plan of delivering constant pressure throughout many legislative sessions (118). In time, prohibitionists achieved the Webb-Kenyon Bill, which allowed dry states to stop liquor shipments when the shipments met the states’ border, which was later upheld by the Supreme Court (Lucas 49-50).  With this, the Anti-Saloon League was confident and moved in December 13, 1913 (50). The league proposed the 18^th amendment and lost (52; 53). The turning point came on November 21, 1918 when Congress passed the Wartime Prohibition Act (Pegram 147).  This effectively banned making wine or beer starting in May 1919 and after June 30, 1919, alcoholic beverages could not be sold until demobilization (147). Then on January 16, 1919, Nebraska became the 36^th state to ratify the amendment (148).

Prohibition made taking wine to a friend, selling it, or drinking in public illegal (Blumenthal 59). One could still drink in private or purchase alcohol (60). A few brewers sold ice cream while others closed shop (62). Soon illegal brew became readily available, with moonshine being made in the country (62; 63).  In place of saloons illegal nightclubs and bars (speakeasies in the East) opened (64). Thirteen years later the amendment was repealed (121).

Work Cited:

Behr, Edward. Prohibition: Thirteen Years that Changed America. New York: Arcade

Publishing, 1996. Print.

Blumenthal, Karen. Bootleg: Murder, Moonshine, and the Lawless Years of Prohibition. New

York: Flash Point, 2011. Print.

Lucas, Eileen. The Eighteenth Amendment and the Twenty-First Amendments: Alcohol—

            Prohibition and Repeal. Enslow Publishers, Inc, 1998. Print.

Okrent, Daniel. Last Call: The Fall and Rise of Prohibition. New York: Scribner, 2010, Print.

Pegram R. Thomas. Battling Demon Rum. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 1998. Print.

The video on scratch made it quite interesting. What was most interesting was how it showed what could be done with the program. One could make the characters move, talk (whether it be by sound or text), and see what others have created (ScratchEd). The PDF was also helpful after I downloaded Scratch as it tells you how to use the tools (Getting Started with Scratch version 1.4).

Although after downloading Scratch I played around with it, but had a difficult time. I tried to change the cat’s color but when I accidentally did the background color as well and lost the cat’s body. When I attempted to change the background back to its original color the cat’s body was gone, so I canceled it and didn’t attempt to change the color again. I also played around with the motion of the character. Ultimately, I find Scratch interesting but probably wouldn’t use it outside of this class as it already is a bit frustrating to me. However that’s most likely because I’m still learning to use it.

Works Cited:

ScratchEd. Intro to Scratch. Online Video Clip. Vimeo. Accessed on  26 November                    2012. <http://vimeo.com/29457909>

Getting Started with Scratch version 1.4 (c) 2006-2009. Lifelong Kindergarten Group,           MIT Media Lab. Accessed on  26 November 2012           <http://scratched.media.mit.edu/sites/default/files/GettingStartedGuidev14.pdf>

The most interesting part from Roy Rosenzweig’s Scarcity or Abundance? Perserving the Past in the Digital Era is when he discusses the fragility of digital data. The case regarding the U.S. government records, where Rosenzweig discusses that, “governmental employees profess confusion over whether they should be preserving electronic files” (Rosenzweig). Due to this confusion, information that may hay help an historian could be lost. Also, he mentioned that, “books, journals, and film–that are increasingly being born digitally” (Rosenzweig) inidcates just how much more digital the world has become. The problem is the guarentee of whether such information on the web will be available later for historians as stuff can be taken down or edited.

The Internet Archive and the Wayback machine Rosenzweig mentions digital archives. Even though these two are perserving digital data, they also have limitations. Also the Wayback machine can demostrate how a site has changed over times, which could indicate that information could be lost when websites change over time.

Works Cited:

Rosenzweig,  Roy. Scarcity or Abundance? Perserving the Past in the Digital Era. Essays on History and New Media. June 2003. Web. 19 November 2012.

http://chnm.gmu.edu/essays-on-history-new-media/essays/?essayid=6

This article presented a view on powerpoints I’d never read before. What was most interesting was Tufte’s reasoning: “When information is stacked in time, it is difficult to understand context and evaluate relationships. Visual reasoning usually works more effectively when relevant information is shown side by side. Often, the more intense the detail, the greater the clarity and understanding.” and further explanation. The reason I think this is interesting is because of how the author applied this to satistical data. The picture of the table over the slides with the various graphs made more sense. The author argument regarding powerpoint appears to be good one from the example given.

Work Cited: Tufte, Edward. PowerPoint is Evil. Wired. Issue: 11.09. September 2003. Web. 5/111/12.  http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/11.09/ppt2.html

I first looked at the 2005 Felton report. The information is gave was varied but odd and interesting, so that I had to look at the about section of the website to figure out what was going on. The data was interesting,  particuarly the the 2005 in Photos (Felton) section of the 2005 report. It appears to show how many photographs per country and what subjects (Felton). I was surprised to see that “other” (Felton) had the highest percentage of photographs. The data I think would be useful if one was looking up the yearly data that was mentioned in the report.

I also looked at the latest annual report, the one for 2010. It seemed to be alot different from the 2005 annual report,  with most of its information being from multiple years, unlike the 2005 report which appeared to be of just that indivdual year. A section that surprised me was  one on postcards. They seem to go from the mid 40’s to the mid 2000’s and also seem to be more from abroad in later years (Felton).  It was an interesting piece of information.

Works Cited:

Felton, Nicholas. The Felton 2005 Annual Report. http://feltron.com/ar05_04.html

Felton, Nicholas. The 2010Felton  Annual Report.http://feltron.com/ar10_05.html

The most interesting thing exploring the map on PhilaPlace. It was educational to read about the places’ history on the map and see what the places look like. I also think that if I ever went to Philadelphia, I would go back to this website as it has information that might be useful. Through exploring the website I learned about Philadelphia’s history a bit.This makes me want to visit the city.

The PDFs from the educator section give a more broader view via timeline concerning two of the neighborhoods.From the way the map looks,it seems as if the creators of the website used Google Maps for the map, therefore this shows an instance of how others have used Google Maps. The map is interactive and one can learn more about Philadephia through it.

I was surprised to read about what could be done with Google Docs, Google Earth, and with KML. The most interesting topic was Google Earth. It was informative to look at the user guide. To familiarize myself with Google Earth I Iooked up George Mason University and at first it was difficult to orient myself but I did figure out what I was looking at (the Johnson Center).  It was not possible to switch to street view on campus and so the ground-level view was disorienting at times.

The most informative part of the reading was KML. There was alot of information that I did not know previously before reading about it. It was most interesting to read about the differences between Google Maps and Google Earth.

I think the most interesting part from Tuesday’s reading was the hitting the wall section from Why Passwords Have Never Weaker and—Crackers Have Never Been Stronger. I was unaware that the longer a password, the harder it is to break (Goodin). It is also mentioned that a 5-character password takes a few hours to break, but adding another character adds a day to the process, and 2 adds ten (Goodin). From this information, it makes sense why some organizations/companies ask you to do at least a 6-character password.

I also think that the chart helped to explain this. The chart helps one to visualize the length of a password and why it is important. A shorter password would be easier to break than a longer one. I agree with the advice given that nine characters should be the lowest number, although I wonder if I would follow through the next time I had to create a password (Goodin).

Works Cited:

Goodin, Dan. “Why Passwords Have Never Weaker and—Crackers Have Never Been Stronger: Thanks to Real-world Data, the Keys to Your Digital Kingdom are Under Assault.” arsTechnica, last modified August 20, 2012 9:00pm EDT.

http://arstechnica.com/security/2012/08/passwords-under-assault/4/